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Cooper (p. 23-32)

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Coulmas-Law (p.42-46)

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS

Value Creation and Value Appropriation: An Integrative,

Multi-Level Framework

Author(s): Dante Di Gregorio

Citation: Dante Di Gregorio, (2013) "Value Creation and Value Appropriation: An Integrative, Multi-Level Framework," Journal of Applied Business and Economics, Vol. 15, Iss. 1, pp. 39-53

Article Type: Research paper

Publisher: North American Business Press

Abstract:

Value creation by individuals and firms plays a central role in the evolution of populations by enabling

adaptive efficiency. Once created, value may become embedded in resources which require deployment

for value to be appropriated. Value appropriation is a two-step process through which a firm first

competes against other firms to create and protect appropriation streams (i.e., inter-organizational value

appropriation), then managers, employees, shareholders and other stakeholders compete to capture the

value that has been retained within the firm (i.e., intra-organizational value appropriation). I argue that

the inter- and intra-organizational value appropriation processes are driven by common elements,

including not only bargaining power and isolating mechanisms but also relation-based power and

opportunity-based action. I advocate an integrative approach due to the interplay between value creation

and value appropriation processes.